English Translation of Al-Quran
[42]. Surah Ash-Shura [The Consultation]
Ayat 7. And thus Allah have inspired unto you (O Muhammad 
[SAWW](PBUH) a Qur'an (in Arabic) that you may warn the Mother of the Towns (Makkah) and all around it. And warn of the Day of Assembling, of which there is no doubt, when a party will be in Paradise (those who believed in Allah and followed what Allah's Messenger [SAWW](PBUH) brought them) and a party in the blazing Fire (Hell) (those who disbelieved in Allah and followed not what Allah's Messenger [SAWW](PBUH) brought them)
Tafseer of Surah Al Shura (Consultation) Ayat to 7. Thus have Allah sent by inspiration to thee an Arabic Qur´an: that Prophet SAWW PBUH may warn the Mother of Cities and all around her, - and warn (them) of the Day of Assembly, of which there is no doubt: (when) some will be in the Garden, and some in the Blazing Fire. The point of the Qur'an being in Arabic is that it is plain and intelligible to the people through whom and among whom it was promulgated; see next clause. The City of Makkah . See 6:92. This is undoubtedly a Makkan verse. Even apart from the Qiblah, Makkah is the center of Islam, and "all around her" is the whole world. The contrast is again emphasized, as explained in the Summary.
English Translation of Hadith
Hazrat Abu Qatadah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah 
[SAWW](PBUH) was asked about observing As-Saum (the fast) on the tenth day of Muharram, and he replied, "It is expiation for the sins of the preceding year.''
[Muslim Book 06, Chapter 33, Hadith # 2603]
Lesson: Ashura' 10th of Muharram. In another Hadith, it is stated that when the Prophet [SAWW](PBUH) emigrated from Makkah to Al-Madinah, he saw that the Jews were fasting on this day. He asked them why they did this on that day and they told him that they did it for the reason that Allah granted Prophet Musa emancipation from Pharaoh on this day, and so they observed Saum in token of their joy. On this, he (PBUH) said that in this happiness of Prophet Musa, Muslims have a greater right to observe Saum than the Jews. Consequently, he also observed Saum on 10th of Muharram. Then, he said that if he lived the following year, he would observe Saum on 9th of Muharram also so that they would make themselves different from the Jews. According to another Hadith, he (PBUH) ordained the Muslims to observe Saum on `Ashura' and in addition one more Saum on 9th or 11th of Muharram in opposition to the Jews. Some people think these words stand to mean that `he will observe Saum on the 9th of Muharram only. But this interpretation does not agree with other Ahadith. In order to oppose the Jews, he [SAWW](PBUH) resolved to observe one more Saum with that of 10th of Muharram and ordained it for the Muslims.
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